lines 176-187

Consider: Everything in nature has its own function. Birds sing and spread seeds. Trees five shade and fruit trees give fruit. Hammer can pound things and grain gives food to both men and to animals. The unique thing about human nature is that we can learn and we can use what we learn to make our lives better and make the lives of other people better.

Indeed:

176. The dog takes care of the night; the chicken takes care of the morning.
177. If one does not study, what is the use of being human?

Consider: We people are part of nature and we must be faithful to it. Of what use is a bee that does not make honey, or a wheel that is not round? A human who does not learn and does not make the exertion needed to make life better is degenerate and useless!

Indeed:

178. The silkworm makes silk and the wasp makes honey; . . .
179. . . . if humans don't study, they are not even as good as animals.

Consider: But studying for studying's sake is worthless, there must be a goal, and what better goal than use what has been studied to make life better? Learning without putting into practice is fruitless and a waste of time. learn well, become an official and then you will have the power and the wisdom to improve life, for everyone, starting with the emperor and even unto the most humble of the people of the empire.

Indeed:

180. When young, you should study, then when you are grown up you can do something - . . .
181. . . . on the one hand, help the emperor, on the other, benefit the people.

Consider: In addition, becoming a scholar will also help fulfill your duties of filial piety. What greater happiness and fulfillment could come to your parents than that which they would feel in seeing you become true scholar and beneficial official? And the happiness and fulfillment with resound throughout the nine generations we mentioned before, and your descendants in particular will praise you every day for the way you will have made their own lives and everyone else's better.

Indeed:

182. Make a name for yourself and thereby honor your parents; . . .
183. . . . add luster to your forebears' names and provide abundance for those who come after you.

Consider: Merchants may be able to leave their families well off, but of what good is that? Peasants may acquire more land, but of what good is that. Do they thereby show their attainments in virtue? Will they have served the emperor and the people? Will they have shown virtue, as I spoke of before? Be aware of that which is of lasting value and that which satisfies only temporarily.

Indeed:

184. Some people leave their children pots of gold, . . .
185. . . . I leave only this one classic.

Consider: Success comes from hard work and applied learning. Mere fleeting joy is of no account. Do not waste the moments of your youth on frivolous and unproductive activities. Follow the examples I have given. Apply yourself. Do all you can, every moment and every day!

Indeed:

186. Hard work pays off; there is no positive result from play.
187. Guard against this waste! Do your utmost to better yourself!

Previous Home Translation These are the final lines of the classic.